What is a major factor contributing to Peripheral Vascular Disease?

• A. High blood pressure
• B. Fatty deposits in blood vessels
• C. Excessive exercise
• D. Low cholesterol levels

Answer: (B)

Fatty deposits in blood vessels, also known as atherosclerosis, are indeed a major factor contributing to Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD). This condition occurs when the arteries that supply blood to the limbs become narrowed or blocked due to the accumulation of fatty substances, cholesterol, and other materials on the artery walls. This buildup leads to reduced blood flow and can result in symptoms such as pain, cramping, and even tissue damage in severe cases.

The process of atherosclerosis begins when the endothelial cells that line the arteries become damaged, often due to factors such as high cholesterol levels, obesity, and inflammation. Over time, the fatty deposits harden, which further narrows the arteries and restricts blood flow. This impaired circulation is particularly problematic in the limbs, as it can lead to symptoms of PVD.

While high blood pressure can contribute to the damage of blood vessels, it is not the primary cause of PVD. Excessive exercise typically benefits cardiovascular health and is not associated with the development of this condition. Low cholesterol levels are generally protective against atherosclerosis, making them unlikely contributors to PVD. Therefore, the presence of fatty deposits in the blood vessels is the key factor in the development of Peripheral Vascular Disease.