What is the impact of smoking on respiratory vital signs?

• A. It has no effect
• B. It can improve lung function and decrease heart rate
• C. It can decrease lung function and increase heart rate and blood pressure
• D. It only affects respiratory rate

Answer: (C)

Smoking significantly affects respiratory vital signs, leading to decreased lung function as well as increased heart rate and blood pressure. When an individual smokes, harmful substances are introduced into the lungs, causing inflammation and damage to lung tissues. This results in reduced capacity for gas exchange, ultimately impairing overall respiratory function. As the lungs become less efficient, the body compensates by increasing the heart rate to ensure that oxygen is still delivered adequately to tissues. Additionally, smoking can lead to vasoconstriction and increased resistance in blood vessels, which in turn raises blood pressure.

The combination of these effects contributes to a downward spiral of cardiovascular and respiratory health, emphasizing the harmful impacts of smoking on vital signs. This understanding reinforces the importance of smoking cessation for improving lung function and overall cardiovascular health.