What is the process of breathing air into the lungs called?

• A. Expiration
• B. Exhalation
• C. Inhale/Inhalation/Inspiration
• D. Ventilation

Answer: (C)

The process of breathing air into the lungs is referred to as inhalation, which is also commonly known as inspiration. During inhalation, the diaphragm contracts and moves downward, and the intercostal muscles contract to expand the rib cage, creating negative pressure within the thoracic cavity. This pressure change allows air to flow into the lungs through the airways.

Understanding this mechanism is crucial because inhalation is the first step in gas exchange, where oxygen is delivered to the bloodstream, and carbon dioxide is removed from the body. The distinction in terminology is also important; while expiration and exhalation pertain to the process of breathing out, inhalation specifically focuses on the intake of air. Ventilation is a broader term that refers to the overall process of moving air in and out of the lungs, encompassing both inhalation and exhalation. By grasping these concepts, one can better understand respiratory physiology and its importance in maintaining effective gas exchange in the body.